calcium oxalate monohydrate

肾结石百分之八十者为草酸钙结石。如果你的结石分析成分报告是:一水草酸钙，下面的预防策略可供参考。

一水草酸钙结石主要由高草酸尿所致，十年复发率大约为 30％～50％，因此，采取针对性预防措施控制结石复发至关重要。
Calculi of calcium oxalate monohydrate are mainly caused by hyperoxalate, and the recurrence rate is about 30% ~ 50% in ten years. Therefore, it is very important to take targeted preventive measures to control the recurrence of calculi.

1、忌食草酸: 高草酸食物主要包括苋菜、菠菜、大黄、芒果、草莓、芝麻、可可、巧克力、浓茶、各种坚果(栗子、杏仁、核桃等)，应忌食或少食；
1. avoid oxalic acid diet: high oxalic acid food mainly includes amaranth, spinach, rhubarb, mango, strawberry, sesame, cocoa, chocolate, strong tea, all kinds of nuts (chestnut, almond, walnut, etc.), should avoid or eat less;

2、限食钠盐: 钠盐可造成尿钙排泄增加，所以每日食用氯化钠(食盐)不应超过 5 克，忌食味精、鸡精；
2. Limit sodium salt diet: sodium salt can cause urinary calcium excretion increase, so daily consumption of sodium chloride (salt) should not exceed 5 grams, Avoid MSG, chicken powder;

3、大量饮水: 很重要！每日饮水至少 2000ml(约一暖瓶)，确保每日尿量 2000ml 以上；
3. Drink lots of water: important! Drink at least 2000ml of water every day (about one thermos bottle), and ensure the daily urine volume is above 2000ml;

4、常食柑桔: 食用柑桔类水果可增加尿中枸橼酸(结石抑制因子)的含量，有助于预防结石复发；
4. Often eat orange: orange kind of fruit can increase the content of citric acid in the urine (stone restraining factor), conduce to prevent stone to have a relapse;

5、适度运动: 有利于小结石排出，但应防止过度运动导致脱水造成尿液浓缩；
5. Moderate exercise: to facilitate the elimination of small stones, but should prevent excessive exercise lead to urine concentration resulting in dehydration.

6、控制体重: 肥胖易导致结石形成，肥胖者应减轻体重；
6. Weight control: obesity is easy to lead to stone formation, obese people should reduce weight;

7、定期体检: 每年应常规复查泌尿系 B 超，结石复发频繁者，应进一步做代谢评估检查，以明确结石病因。
7. Regular physical examination: routine re-examination of urinary system B ultrasound should be conducted every year. For those with frequent recurrence of stones, further metabolic assessment should be conducted to determine the cause of stones.